Kolegyn\u011b Kova\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1 vedle na webu p\u00ed\u0161e o ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u0159ekl bych „meze\u0159e“ mezi postupy, kter\u00e9 se daj\u00ed s d\u011btmi provozovat ve v\u00fduce, a mezi t\u00edm, co d\u011bl\u00e1 mozek dob\u0159e \u010dtouc\u00edho a ch\u00e1paj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka. M\u00e1 tam moc u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 post\u0159ehy z praxe i ze \u0161kolen\u00ed. Ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 si v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ztoto\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed ty n\u00e1cviky se skute\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e. A pak je mrz\u00ed, \u017ee ta pr\u00e1ce d\u011bt\u00ed vypad\u00e1 jaksi mechanicky, nebo \u017ee d\u011bti ud\u011blaj\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed, ale stejn\u011b si nev\u011bd\u00ed rady se slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sd\u011blen\u00edm… Asi to zn\u00e1me z moha vyu\u010dovac\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f:
\nNen\u00ed to podobn\u00e9 jako v gramatice, kdy\u017e \u017e\u00e1k ud\u011bl\u00e1 celkem spr\u00e1vn\u011b kdejak\u00e9 cv\u00ed\u010dko, dopl\u0148ova\u010dku na i\/y, dikt\u00e1t – a ve slohu m\u00e1 po\u0159\u00e1d tis\u00edc hrubek? Nebo v matematice, kdy\u017e se d\u0159ou sloupe\u010dky a pak troj\u010dlenka nebo co, a nakonec doma kupujou dla\u017edi\u010dky na koupelnu odhadem na cel\u00e9 bal\u00edky a t\u011bch jim pak zbude 9?<\/p>\n
Ono se to v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dk\u00e1ch a vlastn\u011b ani v kursu ned\u00e1 dost dob\u0159e p\u0159edv\u00e9st: P\u0159\u00edru\u010dky jsou prost\u011b odtr\u017een\u00e9 od kon\u00e1n\u00ed toho, o \u010dem p\u00ed\u0161ou. \u010ctete je n\u011bkde, a m\u00e1te to pak konat jinde. A kurs je jen p\u00e1r des\u00edtek hodin, a nikoli denodenn\u00ed pr\u016fprava po cel\u00fd roka a dev\u011bt let, \u017ee.<\/p>\n
Ale my v skute\u010dn\u00e9m r\u016fstu, rozvoji \u010dten\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a my\u0161len\u00ed nejprve\u00a0 pot\u0159ebujeme jako jednotlivec \u010d\u00edst n\u011bco hodn\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho, v \u010dem se ale objev\u00ed\u00a0 ur\u010dit\u00fd \u00fasek tak slo\u017eit\u00fd, \u017ee se pot\u0159ebujeme dostat hloub\u011bji pod povrch slov a v\u011bt. A teprve kv\u016fli takov\u00e9 \u010detb\u011b a kv\u016fli nap\u00ednav\u00e9mu \u010di u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9mu obsahu toho textu pak m\u00e1 smysl\u00a0 se u\u010dit r\u016fzn\u00e9 postupy – ty ale nejsou t\u00edm, co budeme d\u011blat, a\u017e budeme nau\u010den\u00ed! D\u00edky t\u011bm „metod\u00e1m“ nebo strategi\u00edm \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm (jako je shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed, kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek, p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed, vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed (si) slov a spojen\u00ed slov) se teprve staneme zb\u011bhlej\u0161\u00edmi a zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, abychom mohli dob\u0159e prov\u00e1d\u011bt opravdov\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed a ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Zase p\u0159\u00edklad: Kdysi byl mistr sv\u011bta ve skoku vysok\u00e9m Valerij Brumel, sov\u011btsk\u00fd borec… Fakt dobr\u00fd, mysl\u00edm tak v 1962-65, a pak byl tren\u00e9rem. A on u\u010dil mlad\u00e9 skokany sk\u00e1kat z gar\u00e1\u017ee dol\u016f (to v\u00edte, Rusko). T\u00edm jim posiloval ten pohyb stehenn\u00edho svalu, a podv\u011bdom\u00ed t\u011bch skokan\u016f si pak obr\u00e1tilo sled t\u011bch reakc\u00ed a um\u011bli sk\u00e1kat nahoru. No, nev\u00edm zda je to pravda v sportu, ale v rozumu asi to jde: cvi\u010d\u00edme si my\u0161len\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdmi hrami, kousky, h\u00e1dankami, porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm stejn\u00e9ho a r\u016fzn\u00e9ho (Vennovy diagramy), se\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016f v \u010dl\u00e1nku do pyramidy podle nosnoti pojmu nebo my\u0161lenky, mapami atd. Ale to nen\u00ed c\u00edl, takto moudrost a \u010dten\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed opravdu nevypad\u00e1 – d\u011bti uvid\u00ed ne v t\u011bch cvi\u010den\u00edch, ale ve „v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9m hovoru o liter\u00e1rn\u00edm d\u00edle“, kter\u00e9 spolu \u010dtou, jak to pan\u00ed u\u010ditelce moud\u0159e mysl\u00ed, co j\u00ed t\u00e1hne hlavou, kde si uv\u011bdomuje, \u010demu je\u0161t\u011b nerozum\u00ed, a na co\u00a0 zam\u011b\u0159uje sv\u016fj z\u00e1jem kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee ji pr\u00e1v\u011b to t\u011b\u0161\u00ed atd. A u\u010d\u00ed se tak metakongici o sv\u00e9m vlastn\u00edm vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dten\u00e9ho, a zase se to nejprve u\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b, nahlas. Ale \u010d\u00edm v\u00edc to um\u011bj\u00ed, t\u00edm v\u00edc se to m\u00e1 za\u017e\u00edrat do pov\u011bdom\u00ed – a pak u\u017e ten \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 jede „na vlastn\u00ed motor“, bez berl\u00ed a bez postrkov\u00e1n\u00ed. A n\u011bkter\u00e9 postupy si uchov\u00e1m, naschv\u00e1l, proto\u017ee mi pom\u00e1haj\u00ed: nap\u0159\u00edkald kdy\u017e nerozum\u00edm n\u011b\u010d\u00ed v\u011bt\u011b, p\u0159e\u010dtu si ji polohlasn\u011b – a ejhle, vid\u00edm, jak kter\u00e9 slovo k \u010demu pat\u0159\u00ed, anebo \u017ee opravdu v tom nen\u00ed kusa rozumu…
\nNa to ale je ve \u0161kole pot\u0159eba hodn\u011b \u010dasu, a taky u\u010ditelovy ochoty uk\u00e1zat sebe sama jako hleda\u010de porozum\u011bn\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e jako dr\u017eitele v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed. Rozvoj opravdov\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed je pomal\u00fd, u n\u011bkoho a\u017e velmi pomal\u00fd, ale nepom\u016f\u017eeme mu, kdy\u017e mu nam\u00edsto prpravy k my\u0161len\u00ed a ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00e1me \u0161kolu plnou u\u010den\u00e9 informovanosti. Znalosti bez my\u0161len\u00ed ub\u00edjej\u00ed rozum jedince, my\u0161len\u00ed bez znalost\u00ed ub\u00edj\u00ed rozum v n\u00e1rod\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kolegyn\u011b Kova\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1 vedle na webu p\u00ed\u0161e o ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u0159ekl bych „meze\u0159e“ mezi postupy, kter\u00e9 se daj\u00ed s d\u011btmi provozovat ve v\u00fduce, a mezi t\u00edm, co d\u011bl\u00e1 mozek dob\u0159e \u010dtouc\u00edho a ch\u00e1paj\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka. M\u00e1 tam moc u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 post\u0159ehy z praxe i ze \u0161kolen\u00ed. Ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 si v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ztoto\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed ty n\u00e1cviky se skute\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions\/101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}