<\/p>\n
Maj\u00ed d\u011bti ve \u0161kole pr\u00e1vo mluvit sprost\u011b? Kde v\u0161ude nesm\u011bj\u00ed? Ani o p\u0159est\u00e1vce mezi sebou ne? Ani \u0161eptem? Ani v \u0161atn\u011b p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu nebo odchodu ze \u0161koly? Ani p\u0159ed \u0161kolou? (Kou\u0159it cigarety se nesm\u00ed ani p\u0159ed \u0161kolou, a nesm\u00ed to ani vr\u00e1tn\u00e1…) Ale sprost\u00e1 slova d\u011bti vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed z \u00fast v mnoha \u0161kol\u00e1ch tak, jako d\u00fdchaj\u00ed. A mnoz\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 jako by to v st\u0159emhlav\u00e9m letu spousty u\u010ditelsk\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed nesly\u0161eli \u2013 anebo nev\u011bd\u00ed jak tomu \u010delit?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
V\u00ed se, \u017ee se dnes vulg\u00e1rn\u011b vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed doma rodi\u010de, \u017ee vulg\u00e1rn\u011b k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9 i hrdinky v televizi. Jsou pry\u010d ty \u010dasy, kdy Zden\u011bk Sv\u011br\u00e1k v Lidovk\u00e1ch kritizoval soulo\u017eiv\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy v n\u00e1zvech film\u016f a upozor\u0148oval, \u017ee kultivovan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk ta slova taky zn\u00e1, jen\u017ee jich na rozd\u00edl od tv\u016frc\u016f film\u016f um\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat. A krom\u011b sprostoty verb\u00e1ln\u00ed, sly\u0161en\u00e9 maj\u00ed dnes i d\u011bti moc p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed vid\u011bt na videu sprostotu praktikovanou. Se zev\u0161edn\u011bn\u00edm t\u011bch d\u0159\u00edve ukr\u00fdvan\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f a \u00fakon\u016f p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed i devalvace jejich n\u00e1zv\u016f \u2013 u\u017e ztratily tu \u0161okantn\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n
Tuhle v \u0161atn\u011b u\u017e po zvon\u011bn\u00ed se p\u0159ezouvali dva osm\u00e1ci, a rozmno\u017eovac\u00edmi org\u00e1ny i zadnic\u00ed to tam jen l\u00edtalo. \u0158ekl jsem jim, \u017ee m\u011b jejich t\u011blesn\u00e1 \u00fastroj\u00ed nezaj\u00edmaj\u00ed a \u017ee je nechci sly\u0161et. A\u0165 toho ve \u0161kole, kter\u00e1 je ur\u010dena pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed, okam\u017eit\u011b nechaj\u00ed. Byli \u0161okov\u00e1ni \u2013 nejen t\u00edm, \u017ee ta slova nejsou v po\u0159\u00e1dku, ale \u017ee si n\u011bkdo troufl se ozvat. Ti\u0161eji si pak sd\u011blovali v\u0161elijak\u00e9 pochyby o m\u00e9 osob\u011b, ale to jsem nemusel sly\u0161et a mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to bylo jen ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9, ale nikoli u\u017e sprost\u00e9. N\u00e1prava je tedy snad mo\u017en\u00e1. \u0158ekl bych, \u017ee \u0161kola je dnes jedin\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kde m\u016f\u017eeme budouc\u00ed \u201epracuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu\u201f vychov\u00e1vat k tomu, aby n\u00e1s jednou jako d\u016fchodce ne\u010dastovala nejsprost\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdrazy. (A mo\u017en\u00e1 bychom m\u011bli v\u010das za\u010d\u00edt se starat, aby n\u00e1s v na\u0161em d\u016fchodu v\u016fbec cht\u011bli \u017eivit a nechat \u017e\u00edt.)<\/p>\n
Kdy\u017e jedu tramvaj\u00ed, a dv\u011b d\u011bv\u010d\u00e1tka mezi 13 a 17 lety se nejen oslovuj\u00ed \u201evole\u201f, co\u017e je biologicky a genderov\u011b nemo\u017en\u00e9, ale nahlas referuj\u00ed o jin\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch slovy za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edmi na \u010du- a p\u00ed-, m\u00edv\u00e1m chu\u0165 zas\u00e1hnout \u2013 v sebeobran\u011b. J\u00e1 to prost\u011b nechci sly\u0161et, pat\u0159\u00edm k dinosaur\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed ta slova taky znali a um\u011bli je pou\u017e\u00edt, ale nekrmili se jimi denn\u011b. Nev\u00edm, pro\u010d bych j\u00e1 nem\u011bl sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed slu\u0161nosti br\u00e1nit se stejnou samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed, s jakou ta slova t\u011bm d\u011btem \u0161pl\u00edchaj\u00ed z mozku p\u0159es ohradu zub\u016f. Dokud jsem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, chci jim v tom br\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n
Ov\u0161em\u017ee, ta slova sly\u0161\u00edme i z huby natloustl\u00fdch vyholen\u00fdch frajer\u016f-podnikatel\u016f s kraden\u00fdm i pa\u0161ovan\u00fdm zbo\u017e\u00edm, a to nikoli kdy\u017e nad\u00e1vaj\u00ed venkovsk\u00e9mu \u0159idi\u010di, ale i v jejich b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed konverzaci… T\u011bmto mu\u017e\u016fm je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 vstupovat do hlasit\u00e9ho hovoru, mohli by n\u00e1s zast\u0159elit. Ale mohli bychom ve \u0161kole db\u00e1t ve v\u00fdchov\u011b d\u00edvek o to, aby se n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z t\u011bch ple\u0161ivc\u016f \u010dasem nestali tat\u00ednkem jejich d\u011bcka. A aby z ho\u0161\u00edk\u016f takov\u00ed primitivov\u00e9 nevyrostli, a\u0165 u\u017e maj\u00ed doma za rodi\u010de kohokoliv.<\/p>\n
Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to v\u016fbec nen\u00ed jen v\u011bc jazyka a \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 zvyklosti. Je\u0161t\u011b v konci sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let si p\u0159ekladatel\u00e9 modern\u00edch americk\u00fdch rom\u00e1n\u016f st\u011b\u017eovali, \u017ee \u010de\u0161tina nem\u00e1 vhodn\u00e1 slova pro p\u0159eklad \u201esprost\u00fdch slov\u201f ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch pohlavn\u00ed org\u00e1ny a \u00fakony, jak jich pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9. \u010cesk\u00e1 slova byla bu\u010f p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u011b sprost\u00e1, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepsateln\u011b, anebo byla moc medic\u00ednsk\u00e1, studen\u00e1, ciz\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u010dlov\u011bku. To se u\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161ilo, dnes m\u00e1 \u010de\u0161tina \u010d\u00edm nahradit m\u00edrn\u011b sprost\u00e1 a m\u00edrn\u011b pikantn\u00ed, ale tolerovan\u00e1 slova pro ty rozmanit\u00e9 \u00fady a \u00fakony. Ale stalo se to t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00fdrazy p\u016fvodn\u011b peprn\u00e9 sklouzly do \u00farovn\u011b nev\u011bdom\u00fdch obrat\u016f (a taky gest, certifikovan\u00fdch \u00fastavn\u00edmi \u010diniteli). Co \u017ee se to dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 nam\u00edsto \u201eu v\u0161ech rohat\u00fdch\u201f nebo m\u00edsto \u201emr\u0161ka, zaseklo se mi to\u201f?<\/p>\n
Ne\u0159ekl bych v\u0161ak, \u017ee je t\u00edm \u010de\u0161tina vysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed. Ani na\u0161e dorozum\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed bohat\u0161\u00ed, naopak – zchudlo, u\u017e se neum\u00ed zakl\u00edt ani \u201edo h\u00e1je\u201f, \u201ejeminkote\u201f, \u201ekat aby to spral\u201f.<\/p>\n
Navrhl bych dva postupy k potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed sprostoty v \u0159e\u010di d\u011bt\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n a) jednak dodr\u017eovat \u00fapln\u00e9 embargo na sprost\u00e1 slova kolem sebe, hlavn\u011b ve \u0161kole. Nikdy nedovolit, aby takov\u00e1 slova prolet\u011bla kolem u\u0161\u00ed a nen\u00e1sledovala sankce. To by se ov\u0161em museli u\u010ditel\u00e9 jako sbor pevn\u011b dohodnout (j\u00e1 bych to dal do \u0160VP jako jednu ze strategi\u00ed: \u201eeliminace sprostoty v \u0159e\u010di a \u010dinech\u201f).<\/p>\n A tak\u00e9 by si u\u010ditelsk\u00fd sbor musel vypracovat a nazkou\u0161et postupy sank\u010dn\u00ed \u2013 co \u017e\u00e1ku \u0159ekneme a jak\u00e9 stupn\u011b postihu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho nutn\u011b \u010dekaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se proh\u0159e\u0161\u00ed poprv\u00e9, kdy\u017e opakovan\u011b. (Na m\u00edru sprostoty v\u00fdrazu bych nehled\u011bl, v tom m\u00e1 panovat rovnost, proto\u017ee probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee druz\u00ed jsou pohor\u0161eni a ura\u017eeni, nikoli \u017ee \u017e\u00e1k \u0159ekl slovo X.) A maj\u00ed-li b\u00fdt sankce jin\u00e9 ne\u017e bit\u00ed, je t\u0159eba m\u00edt ve \u0161kole hodn\u011b nadstandardn\u00edch aktivit a nab\u00eddek, o kter\u00e9 spros\u0165\u00e1k p\u0159ijde. Ur\u010dit\u011b pro n\u011bj um\u00edme vymyslet hodn\u011b p\u0159\u00ednosnou a p\u0159itom nudnou v\u00fduku \u2013 cvi\u010den\u00ed, \u00fakoly, zp\u016fsoby zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakolu (d\u0159\u00edv toho byly \u0161koly pln\u00e9, ne?);<\/p>\n b) jednak by bylo pot\u0159eba c\u00edlen\u011b u\u010dit \u017e\u00e1ky b\u00fdt expresivn\u00ed, dokonce kl\u00edt a nad\u00e1vat! Jen\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b jen v mez\u00edch slu\u0161nosti \u2013 jak vyjad\u0159uje sv\u016fj vztek \u010dlov\u011bk kultivovan\u00fd? N\u011bco mo\u017en\u00e1 zvol\u00e1, n\u011bco \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, a n\u011bjak se obrac\u00ed na druh\u00e9 \u2013 ale mus\u00ed t\u00edm sledovat zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9ho roz\u010dilen\u00ed, m\u00e1 cht\u00edt probl\u00e9m \u0159e\u0161it, a proto nepot\u0159ebuje slova, kter\u00e1 ostatn\u00ed uraz\u00ed, roz\u010d\u00edl\u00ed, napadnou.<\/p>\n Jak se to \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, pan\u00ed u\u010ditelko, kdy\u017e m\u011b n\u011bkdo n\u011bco doopravdy se….? Aby se dozv\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee m\u011b to tak moc \u0161tve, a \u017ee mu asi brzy jednu fl\u00e1knu? Na to snad m\u00e1 b\u00fdt m\u00edsto v hodin\u00e1ch \u010de\u0161tiny a liter\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdchovy (zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i v\u00fduce souvisl\u00e9ho psan\u00ed): \u010dteme takovou beletrii, kde emoce jsou, ale jsou vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny slovy jen p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b neslu\u0161n\u00fdmi. O povaze postav, kter\u00e9 mluv\u00ed neslu\u0161n\u011b, p\u00ed\u0161eme a diskutujeme tak, abychom poznali jejich spole\u010denskou trapnost, osobn\u00ed nedosp\u011blost, jejich neschopnost \u0159\u00eddit sebe sama, anebo jejich nezvl\u00e1dnutou zlobu. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v literatu\u0159e se v\u011bt\u0161inou dosud sprost\u011b nemluv\u00ed jen tak – bez v\u00fdznamu. Sprostota se po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 do postav nesympatick\u00fdch a z\u00e1porn\u00fdch, anebo zoufal\u00fdch. A dal\u0161\u00ed \u010das vhodn\u00fd najdeme v dramatick\u00e9 v\u00fdchov\u011b, v pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00fdch t\u00e9matech mezilidsk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n Mo\u017en\u00e1 si v\u0161ak mysl\u00edte, \u017ee to slu\u0161n\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u\u010divo tradi\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. \u017de nem\u00e1me na tuhle v\u00fdchovu \u010das? Pak se ov\u0161em mus\u00edme p\u0159ipravit na to, \u017ee a\u017e budeme \u201eseniory\u201f, budeme budouc\u00ed ekonomicky aktivn\u00ed populaci jen p\u00edp a p\u00edp, a nejen v \u0159e\u010di.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Maj\u00ed d\u011bti ve \u0161kole pr\u00e1vo mluvit sprost\u011b? Kde v\u0161ude nesm\u011bj\u00ed? Ani o p\u0159est\u00e1vce mezi sebou ne? Ani \u0161eptem? Ani v \u0161atn\u011b p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu nebo odchodu ze \u0161koly? Ani p\u0159ed \u0161kolou? (Kou\u0159it cigarety se nesm\u00ed ani p\u0159ed \u0161kolou, a nesm\u00ed to ani vr\u00e1tn\u00e1…) Ale sprost\u00e1 slova d\u011bti vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed z \u00fast v mnoha \u0161kol\u00e1ch tak, jako d\u00fdchaj\u00ed. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions\/67"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}