{"id":23,"date":"2009-09-28T10:37:03","date_gmt":"2009-09-28T08:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/?p=23"},"modified":"2009-09-28T10:37:03","modified_gmt":"2009-09-28T08:37:03","slug":"svoboda-ve-vzdelavani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/2009\/09\/28\/svoboda-ve-vzdelavani\/","title":{"rendered":"Svoboda ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- \t\t@page { size: 21cm 29.7cm; margin: 2cm } \t\tP { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Jak \u010dasto se ve \u0161kole bav\u00edte o svobod\u011b? A v jak\u00e9m duchu? Pova\u017eujete svobodu za chaos, za zpovykanost, za &#8222;cochc\u00e1rnu&#8220;?  Kdy\u017e d\u011bti dostanou svobodu, polezou po sk\u0159\u00edn\u00edch? Vid\u00edte, jak to dopad\u00e1, kdy\u017e tu svobodu dneska maj\u00ed  &#8211; co ve va\u0161\u00ed v\u00fduce d\u011blaj\u00ed? Anebo se u v\u00e1s o svobod\u011b mluv\u00ed jako o c\u00edli va\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdchovy d\u011bt\u00ed v dosp\u011bl\u00e9 lidi? Pochvalujete si sborov\u011b svobodu, kterou jste dostali s RVP, a vyv\u00edj\u00edte si pro v\u00fduku p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ve kter\u00fdch nau\u010d\u00edte d\u011bti se svobodou zach\u00e1zet?<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><!-- \t\t@page { size: 21cm 29.7cm; margin: 2cm } \t\tP { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Minule jsem napsal, \u017ee <strong>moudr\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk porovn\u00e1v\u00e1<\/strong>, a ne jenom opakuje, co \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed starci,  a tak porovn\u00e1me chaos a svobodu, a sna\u017e\u00edme se naj\u00edt i to, \u010d\u00edm se navz\u00e1jem li\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\"><strong>V\u00a0chaosu<\/strong> nevid\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b pro nic pevn\u00e9 m\u00edsto ani \u0159\u00e1d, nev\u00ed, co je \u010d\u00ed povinnost a kdo za co zodpov\u00edd\u00e1. To co se ve \u0161kole d\u011bje, se m\u011bn\u00ed nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b a beze smyslu. D\u011bti se rozhoduj\u00ed se pod vlivem n\u00e1hody, doma maj\u00ed vzor rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed podle reklamy, bez hlub\u0161\u00edch souvislost\u00ed. A tak jsou n\u00e1sledky m\u00e1lo o\u010dek\u00e1vateln\u00e9, a p\u0159ekvapuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ka t\u00edm, \u017ee obvykle jsou vlastn\u011b zl\u00e9. Dokazuje se jim t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161kola je zl\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\"><strong>Svoboda<\/strong> by pro \u017e\u00e1ka znamenala, \u017ee si m\u016f\u017ee udr\u017eet sebe\u00factu, \u017ee mu ji nevezme n\u00e1hoda, zmatek ani ciz\u00ed zl\u00e1 v\u016fle. Je to svoboda od nevypo\u010ditateln\u00e9ho pon\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ze strany spolu\u017e\u00e1ka, \u0161koln\u00edka, u\u010ditele, i od neo\u010dek\u00e1vateln\u00e9 manipulace ze strany rodi\u010d\u016f a u\u010ditel\u016f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">D\u011bti (a \u010dasto i jejich rodi\u010de nebo n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9) se pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed nau\u010dit, \u017ee <strong>svoboda neexistuje bez zodpov\u011bdnosti.<\/strong> Nebudeme d\u011btem dokola om\u00edlat, \u017ee ke svobod\u011b a pr\u00e1v\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed i povinnosti &#8211; t\u00edm je znechucujeme a \u017eeneme do vzdoru. Mus\u00edme provoz v\u00fduky a \u0161koly v\u00e9st tak, aby v\u0161ichni v\u011bd\u011bli, z \u010deho budou m\u00edt radost, \u010deho mohou dos\u00e1hnout a \u010d\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskaj\u00ed. Ale taky za co zodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed a &#8222;co si vyl\u00ed\u017eou&#8220;, kdy\u017e si svou zodpov\u011bdnost neuv\u011bdom\u00ed a podle n\u00ed jednat nebudou. Z nep\u0159inesen\u00fdch pom\u016fcek se \u017e\u00e1k nem\u016f\u017ee &#8222;vyl\u00edzat&#8220; n\u011bjakou v\u00fdmluvou nebo fale\u0161n\u00fdm pap\u00edrkem od rodi\u010d\u016f&#8230; D\u016fvody m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ijmout, a\u0165 jsou pravdiv\u00e9, nebo jakkoliv podez\u0159el\u00e9 &#8211; ale n\u00e1sledky nastanou: bez n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed k r\u00fdsov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee\u0161 s n\u00e1mi ostatn\u00edmi bohu\u017eel zpracov\u00e1vat tenhle zaj\u00edmav\u00fd projekt &#8222;n\u00e1vrh \u0161koln\u00edho baz\u00e9nu&#8220;, a bude\u0161 tedy dnes jen propo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat mno\u017estv\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch dla\u017edi\u010dek p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 velikosti baz\u00e9nu podle vzorce, kter\u00fd si pro v\u00fdpo\u010det mus\u00ed\u0161 s\u00e1m vyvodit. Kdy\u017e to neud\u011bl\u00e1\u0161, nep\u0159ipoj\u00ed\u0161 se k na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci ani z\u00edtra, a bude\u0161 jenom cvi\u010dit v\u00fdpo\u010det objemu vody v baz\u00e9nu. Bohu\u017eel ten, kdo se pr\u00e1ce na projektu ne\u00fa\u010dastnil, s n\u00e1mi nem\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt n\u00e1vrh prov\u011b\u0159ovat v\u00fdzkumem ve Vodn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b v nedalek\u00e9m krajsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Sly\u0161\u00edm ty n\u00e1mitky, jak by takov\u00e9 souvislosti v provozu v\u00fduky znamenaly nep\u0159ekonateln\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee: co kdy\u017e se n\u011bkdo utop\u00ed, co kdy\u017e rodi\u010de si budou st\u011b\u017eovat, atd. Kdy\u017e na n\u011b neum\u00edme d\u00e1t odpov\u011b\u010f a ani si ji nevypracujeme jako strategii v \u0160VP, pak nebudeme takto d\u011bti vychov\u00e1vat a svobodn\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed ob\u010dany prost\u011b v d\u016fchodu kolem sebe m\u00edt nebudeme&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Pro v\u00fdchovu ke svobod\u011b je nezbytn\u00e9<strong> d\u00e1vat d\u011btem co nej\u010dast\u011bji mo\u017enost volby<\/strong>. Aby se u\u010dily, \u017ee svoboda znamen\u00e1, \u017ee si \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee &#8211; ale podle sv\u00e9ho nejlep\u0161\u00edho v\u011bdom\u00ed a sv\u011bdom\u00ed! &#8211; vybrat to, co pova\u017euje za nejlep\u0161\u00ed. Nem\u016f\u017eeme u\u010dit d\u011bti, aby za sebe nech\u00e1valy v\u011b\u010dn\u011b rozhodovat rodi\u010de, u\u010ditele, pak v\u016fdce party, pak \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdbor a nakonec V\u016fdce n\u00e1roda. Proto\u017ee n\u00e1sledky si v\u017edy ponesou sami, a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed &#8222;to oni!&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Sovoda volby se d\u00e1 realizovat (nejenom cvi\u010dit!) ka\u017ed\u00fd den: t\u00e9mata, \u00falohy, krit\u00e9ria kvality v\u00fdkonu &#8211; to v\u0161e si d\u011bti mohou v dob\u0159e \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 a p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 v\u00fduce vyb\u00edrat. Znamen\u00e1 to ov\u0161em, \u017ee u\u010ditel vid\u00ed ty mo\u017en\u00e9 varianty, \u017ee m\u00e1 p\u0159ipraven\u00ed\u00e9  materi\u00e1ly, \u017ee dovede nab\u00eddnout reperto\u00e1r mo\u017enost\u00ed (a ne cokoliv si d\u011btivyvzpomenou), aby to v\u016fbec zvl\u00e1dl. Ale tak\u00e9 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fduka nebude &#8222;od chytr\u00e9ho u\u010ditele k hloup\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm&#8220;, proto\u017ee na zvolen\u00e9m t\u00e9matu, postupu  budou \u017e\u00e1ci muset tvo\u0159iv\u011b zapracovat, up\u0159esnit t\u00e9ma a krit\u00e9ria a dovyvinout si postupy. T\u00edm se ov\u0161em u\u010d\u00ed myslit, jednat a u\u010dit se&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Pochopiteln\u011b se d\u00e1 nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b pro tohle nem\u00e1me u n\u00e1s ve \u0161kole podm\u00ednky &#8211; pravda. Nem\u00e1me. Ale aspo\u0148 v\u00edme p\u0159esn\u011b, co bychom pot\u0159ebovali my i \u017e\u00e1ci, co m\u00e1me prosazovat, jak od\u016fvodnit sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti, n\u00e1vrhy a protesty. A kdy\u017e to tak p\u0159esn\u011b m\u00e1me promy\u0161len\u00e9, mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u00e1s sp\u00ed\u0161e napadne, kter\u00fdmi kroky za\u010d\u00edt, \u010deho dos\u00e1hnout i za zt\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, a nenechat se otr\u00e1vit t\u00edm, \u017ee M\u0160MT zase zru\u0161ilo cel\u00fd komplexn\u00ed projekt profesn\u00edho r\u016fstu u\u010ditele a jeho platu, a \u017ee ho rad\u0161i rozdrob\u00ed v mal\u00e9 projekty, ve kter\u00fdch se bude pr\u00e1ce vedouc\u00edch i toky pen\u011bz mnohem h\u016f\u0159e kontrolovat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Mo\u017en\u00e1 m\u016feme za\u010d\u00edt p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00edm<strong> o svobod\u011b slova ve sv\u00e9 v\u00fduce<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\"><strong>Aby \u010dlov\u011bk um\u011bl rozhodovat co nejl\u00e9pe &#8211; podle sv\u00e9ho v\u011bdom\u00ed a sv\u011bdom\u00ed &#8211; mus\u00ed sv\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed m\u00edt &#8211; tedy hodn\u011b se dozv\u011bd\u011bt a promyslit,  a mus\u00ed se nau\u010dit sv\u00e9mu sv\u011bdom\u00ed naslouchat.<\/strong> To je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d svobodn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tam, kde nen\u00ed vzd\u011blan\u00fd lid!<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Svoboda slova je kamenem v z\u00e1kladech svobodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. To ov\u0161em souvis\u00ed s\u00a0my\u0161len\u00edm a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm: Slova (rozum\u00ed se i v\u011bty a cel\u00e9 promluvy&#8230;) je nutn\u00e9 se nau\u010dit poctiv\u011b a spravedliv\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat, abychom rozum\u011bli, co se ve spole\u010dnosti d\u011bje, a dovedli se k tomu vyj\u00e1d\u0159it a spolu s druh\u00fdmi to ovliv\u0148ovat. M\u00e1me-li myslit a jednat svobodn\u011b, pot\u0159ebujeme si dob\u0159e rozum\u011bt. M\u00e1me-li si v\u0161ichni rozum\u011bt, mus\u00edme se v\u0161ichni dob\u0159e vyjad\u0159ovat. Nebo aspo\u0148 rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina n\u00e1roda&#8230;  Nejl\u00e9pe se tomu nau\u010dit v\u010das, u\u017e ve \u0161kole.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Je velk\u00fd v\u00fdkon vzd\u011blan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, kdy\u017e um\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159it p\u0159esn\u011b to, co m\u00e1 na mysli, a ne jenom n\u011bjak\u00e9 obecn\u011b pov\u0161echn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 si leckdo vylo\u017e\u00ed chybn\u011b a pak se poh\u00e1daj\u00ed nebo si natrop\u00ed \u0161kodu. Ani \u0159\u00edct o n\u011bkom jen tak n\u011bco &#8222;jako v tom smyslu, \u017ee&#8230;&#8220;, a pak nechat druh\u00e9, aby na\u0159\u010den\u00e9ho odsuzovali bez soudu. Ani nenech\u00e1vejme druh\u00e9, aby si myslili, \u017ee svoboda je pr\u00e1vo pl\u00e1cat cokoliv nebo i lh\u00e1t. Pletou si pojmy, pl\u00e1c\u00e1n\u00ed je hloupost, ne svoboda.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Je v\u00fdborn\u00fd projev vzd\u011blanosti, kdy\u017e um\u00edme porozum\u011bt ciz\u00edmu sd\u011blen\u00ed co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee tomu, jak bylo m\u00edn\u011bno, a ne rozum\u011bt jen &#8222;po sv\u00e9m&#8220; nebo rovnou oso\u010dit ze \u0161patnosti. Ani se nem\u00e1me nechat vehnat pomluvou nebo &#8222;nepr\u016fkazn\u00fdm na\u0159\u010den\u00edm&#8220; do n\u011bjak\u00e9ho nespravedliv\u00e9ho rozum\u011bn\u00ed. Um\u00edme si ponech\u00e1vat svobodu k pochybov\u00e1n\u00ed a k ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch tvrzen\u00ed?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">N\u011bkdy lid\u00e9 do ciz\u00edch poctiv\u00fdch sd\u011blen\u00ed vn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed sv\u00e9 osobn\u00ed zkresluj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1roky:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dtu-li zpr\u00e1vu, \u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, zda je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyvinout o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti Alzheimerov\u011b chorob\u011b, to je\u0161t\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u016fjdu do l\u00e9k\u00e1rny a budu zu\u0159it, \u017ee ten l\u00e9k nemaj\u00ed na sklad\u011b &#8211; i kdy\u017e bych ho u\u017e moc r\u00e1d dal n\u011bkomu bl\u00edzk\u00e9mu, kdo by to tolik pot\u0159eboval.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me i opa\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady ne\u017e &#8222;p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed otcem my\u0161lenky&#8220; &#8211; &#8222;strach m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 o\u010di&#8220;. Kdy\u017e se p\u0159ipravoval ten Standard profese u\u010ditele, v diskus\u00edch bylo sly\u0161et, jak jeho prvotn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh u\u010ditel\u00e9 \u010dtou jako ohro\u017een\u00ed &#8211; &#8222;ur\u010dit\u011b n\u00e1s t\u00edm Standardem budou m\u011b\u0159it a vyhazovat z pr\u00e1ce&#8230;&#8220; Sv\u00e9 pochyby o sv\u00e9 kompetentnosti a sv\u00e9 neblah\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s neschopn\u00fdmi posuzovateli mnoz\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 rovnou vkl\u00e1dali do \u010dten\u00e9ho textu, p\u0159esto\u017ee o p\u00e1r \u0159\u00e1dek d\u00e1l bylo vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, jak se bude pou\u017e\u00edvat. Pak diskutovali o t\u011bch zku\u0161enostech, a nikoli o tom, co jim v r\u016fzn\u00fdch variant\u00e1ch navrhoval k prodiskutov\u00e1n\u00ed text Standardu&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Takov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm se vzd\u011blan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk dovede v\u011bdom\u011b br\u00e1nit,  i kdy\u017e i jeho podv\u011bdom\u011b popadaj\u00ed. Ale musel ho tomu n\u011bkdo nau\u010dit: d\u011bti jsou od p\u0159\u00edrody d\u016fv\u011b\u0159iv\u00e9, spont\u00e1nn\u00ed, a kontrole nad sebou a sv\u00fdm rozum\u011bn\u00edm se teprve u\u010d\u00ed &#8211; od n\u00e1s star\u00fdch. A nau\u010d\u00ed se tomu tak dob\u0159e, jak my sami to um\u00edme. Je\u0161t\u011b \u017ee m\u00e1me ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch u\u010ditele, kte\u0159\u00ed tohle um\u011bj\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e my laici. Anebo si tam takov\u00e9 u\u010ditele mus\u00edme najmout! Mus\u00edme se tedy sna\u017eit, aby vl\u00e1da dala na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed tolik pen\u011bz, \u017ee se ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed a budouc\u00edch ob\u010dan\u016f nau\u010d\u00ed vyjad\u0159ovat se a rozum\u011bt tak dob\u0159e, \u017ee bude jen velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 na ve\u0159ejnosti bul\u00edkovat lidi, zalh\u00e1vat a \u0161vindlovat, nebo se protla\u010dovat do funkc\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fdm popouzen\u00edm jedn\u011bch proti druh\u00fdm &#8211; v\u0161ak to vid\u00edme denn\u011b na politick\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm\">Co v t\u00e9 v\u011bci d\u011blat, o tom p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak \u010dasto se ve \u0161kole bav\u00edte o svobod\u011b? A v jak\u00e9m duchu? Pova\u017eujete svobodu za chaos, za zpovykanost, za &#8222;cochc\u00e1rnu&#8220;? Kdy\u017e d\u011bti dostanou svobodu, polezou po sk\u0159\u00edn\u00edch? Vid\u00edte, jak to dopad\u00e1, kdy\u017e tu svobodu dneska maj\u00ed &#8211; co ve va\u0161\u00ed v\u00fduce d\u011blaj\u00ed? Anebo se u v\u00e1s o svobod\u011b mluv\u00ed jako o c\u00edli va\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdchovy d\u011bt\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23\/revisions\/25"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}