{"id":127,"date":"2010-07-06T22:18:23","date_gmt":"2010-07-06T20:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/?p=127"},"modified":"2010-07-06T22:18:23","modified_gmt":"2010-07-06T20:18:23","slug":"slovni-druhy-naucime-pri-cetbe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/2010\/07\/06\/slovni-druhy-naucime-pri-cetbe\/","title":{"rendered":"Slovn\u00ed druhy nau\u010d\u00edme p\u0159i \u010detb\u011b?"},"content":{"rendered":"

V diskusi<\/a> zde na rvp.cz\u00a0 kolegyn\u011b Kova\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1 upozornila, \u017ee nen\u00ed dob\u0159e rozum\u011bt jedn\u00e9 formulaci v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 gramotnosti. (Je to v t\u00e9, kter\u00e1 vis\u00ed na webu\u00a0 \u010c\u0160I.) Je to slo\u017eit\u00e9 objas\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nen\u00ed t\u0159ebas jedna lekce nebo n\u011bjak\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed, a tak jsem k tomu napsal t\u0159i str\u00e1nky s p\u0159\u00edklady ot\u00e1zek k \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 \u010detb\u011b.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 gramotnosti na webu \u010c\u0160I, na str. 9 jsme napsali n\u011bco o v\u00fduce slovn\u00edch druh\u016f, co nen\u00ed asi docela jasn\u00e9:<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159\u00edklad<\/em><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edrodopise se \u017e\u00e1ci budou u\u010dit podrobn\u011b o v\u010dele jako o z\u00e1stupci spole\u010densk\u00e9ho hmyzu, av\u0161ak mravenci se ve v\u00fduce objev\u00ed jako t\u00e9ma zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku, na n\u011bm\u017e se \u017e\u00e1ci budou u\u010dit \u010dten\u00ed s ot\u00e1zkami. V \u010de\u0161tin\u011b se nev\u011bnuje tolik \u010dasu procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed slovn\u00edch druh\u016f, ale bude se o nich hovo\u0159it v souvislosti s t\u00edm, o \u010dem vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed slova, o n\u011b\u017e \u017e\u00e1k op\u00edr\u00e1 sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed.<\/em>\u201c<\/p>\n

Ten p\u0159\u00edklad pat\u0159\u00ed k odstavci, v n\u011bm\u017e se navrhuje, jak \u0159e\u0161it \u010dast\u00fd nedostatek ve v\u00fduce, toti\u017e \u201eSt\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u0159i psan\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho programu se t\u00fdm u\u010ditel\u016f \u0159\u00eddil hlavn\u011b obsahem u\u010diva, tzv. t\u00e9maty.\u201c<\/p>\n

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\u201eSlovn\u00ed druhy\u201c jsou takov\u00fdm t\u00e9matem u\u010diva, tradi\u010dn\u011b se prob\u00edraj\u00ed, tzn. \u017ee se d\u011btem \u0159eknou jejich n\u00e1zvy, pak se vymez\u00ed u\u010debnicov\u011b \u2013 tedy nep\u0159esn\u011b a nespolehliv\u011b, proto\u017ee trojit\u00e1 podstata slovn\u00edch druh\u016f je na \u017e\u00e1ky do 15 let opravdu moc slo\u017eit\u00e1 (o za\u0159azen\u00ed rozhoduje ve skute\u010dnosti slovn\u00edkov\u00fd v\u00fdznam + oh\u00fdbac\u00ed paradigma + syntaktick\u00e9 funkce, a u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho slovn\u00edho druhu ta trojice je trochu jin\u00e1 co do d\u016fle\u017eitosti, pod\u00edvejte se do 2. d\u00edlu akademick\u00e9 Mluvnice \u010de\u0161tiny, m\u00e1te na to cel\u00e9 pr\u00e1zdniny…). A pak se cvi\u010d\u00ed \u201eur\u010dujte\u201c a zkou\u0161\u00ed se. D\u011bti si toho moc neodnesou, nau\u010d\u00ed se mechanicky odhadovat, co by kter\u00e9 slovo mohlo b\u00fdt za druh, pletou si nap\u0159. p\u0159\u00edslovce a p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, nebo substantiva d\u011bjov\u00e1 i adjektiva d\u011bjov\u00e1 se slovesy, proto\u017ee v\u0161echna \u201eozna\u010duj\u00ed d\u011bj\u201c (l\u00e9tat \u2013 l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed\/let \u2013 let\u00edc\u00ed…<\/em>) atp.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee doporu\u010dujeme, aby se na jejich ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pro ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ve \u0161kole tolik nebaz\u00edrovalo, aby se tolik neprocvi\u010dovaly, ale aby se k d\u011btem p\u0159esto dostaly, jen\u017ee ve chv\u00edli, kdy to d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159i psan\u00ed a \u010dten\u00ed k n\u011b\u010demu p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9mu pot\u0159ebuje.<\/p>\n

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N\u00e1\u0161 P\u0159\u00edklad<\/em> tedy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, co se ve \u0161kole rad\u0161i m\u00e1 nebo nem\u00e1 d\u011blat: v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b <\/span>se nem\u00e1 v\u011bnovat tolik \u010dasu procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed slovn\u00edch druh\u016f<\/em>. Abychom porozum\u011bli tomu, co je v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce m\u00edn\u011bno t\u00edm \u201ebude se o nich hovo\u0159it v souvislosti s t\u00edm, o \u010dem vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed slova, o n\u011b\u017e \u017e\u00e1k op\u00edr\u00e1 sv\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed\u201c! <\/span><\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme si p\u0159edstavit, jak se vede \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9ho rozumn\u00e9ho, zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho textu. U\u010ditel k textu polo\u017e\u00ed ot\u00e1zku, na kterou nesta\u010d\u00ed p\u00edchnout prstem do textu a p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst v n\u011bm odpov\u011b\u010f . Ne tedy, kdy\u017e se u\u010ditel zept\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkou typu \u201eKolik hlav m\u011bl drak?\u201c a \u017e\u00e1k odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u201eTady to je, \u017ee 12. P\u00ed\u0161ou tady: Ve sluji (co to je sluji, pan\u00ed u\u010ditelko?) za m\u011bstem bydlil hrozn\u00fd drak a m\u011bl <\/span>dvan\u00e1cte<\/em> hlav.\u201c Jen o m\u00e1lo lep\u0161\u00ed je takov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nad poh\u00e1dkou, ve kter\u00e9 se p\u00ed\u0161e \u201eVe sluji za m\u011bstem bydlil hrozn\u00fd <\/span>dvan\u00e1ctihlav\u00fd<\/em> drak…\u201c Pro \u017e\u00e1\u010dka druh\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy je o mali\u010dko t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed naj\u00edt ten \u00fadaj \u201ekolik m\u011bl drak hlav\u201c, proto\u017ee po\u010det hlav nen\u00ed v t\u00e9hle verzi poh\u00e1dky vyj\u00e1d\u0159en \u201e\u010d\u00edslovkou\u201c (slovem, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 n\u011bjak\u00fd po\u010det, n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo – <\/span>dvan\u00e1ct<\/em>\u201c), n\u00fdbr\u017e \u201ep\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem\u201c <\/span>dvan\u00e1ctihlav\u00fd. <\/em>Aha! my hled\u00e1me po\u010det, ale mus\u00edme naj\u00edt \u201ejak\u00fd ten drak byl: hrozn\u00fd a dvan\u00e1ctihlav\u00fd\u201c. A z toho p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na si pak domysl\u00edme, \u017ee tedy musel m\u00edt aspo\u0148 na za\u010d\u00e1tku boje 12, slovy<\/span> dvan\u00e1ct <\/em>hlav.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro \u017e\u00e1ky star\u0161\u00ed je tohle tak snadn\u00e9, \u017ee si ani nev\u0161imnou, podobn\u011b jako mnoz\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i, \u017ee vlastn\u011b po\u010det hlav vyvodili z toho adjektiva, je\u017e ud\u00e1v\u00e1 vlastnost, nikoli po\u010det (drak nen\u00ed pojmenov\u00e1n t\u0159eba jako <\/span>dvan\u00e1ct\u00fd<\/em> \u2013 to by byl po\u010det-po\u0159ad\u00ed, ale podle sv\u00e9 hlavatosti, podle toho, jak\u00fd byl – opl\u00fdval hlavami, m\u011bl mnoho hlav, byl dvan\u00e1ctihlav\u00fd, hrozn\u00fd, lido\u017erav\u00fd, ba princezno\u017erav\u00fd…).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale pro \u017e\u00e1ka star\u0161\u00edho, \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sky zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho, bude dobr\u00fdm \u00fakolem n\u011bjak\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nap\u0159. p\u0159i \u010detb\u011b Saturnina, v pas\u00e1\u017ei o tom, \u017ee nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dit na \u0161patnou dobrodru\u017enou \u010detbu pro hochy, ale zato \u017ee je t\u0159eba kritizovat tzv. \u017eensk\u00e9 rom\u00e1ny:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eDoktor potom vykl\u00e1dal, \u017ee bylo pops\u00e1no mnoho pap\u00edru o zhoubn\u00e9m vlivu \u0161patn\u00e9 dobrodru\u017en\u00e9 \u010detby na nedosp\u011blou ml\u00e1de\u017e, ale \u017ee \u010detl velmi m\u00e1lo pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed, nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch proti takzvan\u00fdm \u017eensk\u00fdm rom\u00e1n\u016fm, kter\u00e9 podle jeho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed mohou m\u00edt n\u00e1sledky daleko katastrof\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e maj\u00ed morzakory na na\u0161i ml\u00e1de\u017e.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pravil, \u017ee i nejpitom\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu klukovi je jasno, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017ee str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky na V\u00e1clavsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed chytat do lasa a \u017ee \u0159emeslo pistoln\u00edk\u016f u\u017e d\u00e1vno nem\u00e1 zlat\u00e9 dno. Daleko nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je namlouvat spoust\u011b na\u0161ich mil\u00fdch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159ek, \u017ee man\u017eelstv\u00ed nen\u00ed nic definitivn\u00edho, \u017ee je to jedna z m\u00e1la mo\u017enost\u00ed zbohatnut\u00ed, \u017ee nikdy nen\u00ed pozd\u011b nahl\u00e9dnout sv\u016fj omyl, zbavit se pout a j\u00edt za hlasem sv\u00e9ho srdce \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed vst\u0159\u00edc. Je mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed dok\u00e1zat nedosp\u011bl\u00e9mu klukovi, \u017ee nen\u00ed krve\u017e\u00edzniv\u00fdm pir\u00e1tem, ne\u017e zabr\u00e1nit m\u00e1lo inteligentn\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159ce, aby nenal\u00e9zala obdoby mezi osudem hrdinky rom\u00e1nu a soudem sv\u00fdm a tropila v d\u016fsledku toho hlouposti.<\/em>\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 by m\u011bli osm\u00e1ci dostat k \u00favaze ot\u00e1zku: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eJak se ten autor vlastn\u011b vyjad\u0159uje o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u00edch t\u011bch kn\u00ed\u017eek dobrodru\u017en\u00fdch i zamilovan\u00fdch? A co mysl\u00edte, za jak\u00e9 je pova\u017euje?\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

A \u017e\u00e1ci budou hledat slova, kter\u00e1 vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed, jak\u00fd kdo jest. Najdou slova <\/span>nejpitom\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nedosp\u011bl\u00fd, krve\u017e\u00edzniv\u00fd, (m\u00e1lo) inteligentn\u00ed.<\/em> Ale mohli by naj\u00edt i ironick\u00e9 <\/span>mil\u00fdch<\/em> \u2013 \u0159e\u010deno o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159k\u00e1ch. <\/span><\/p>\n

Autorovo m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u00edch je v\u0161ak schov\u00e1no je\u0161t\u011b v dal\u0161\u00edch slovech \u2013 o tom, co ti \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i d\u011blaj\u00ed, neboli ve slovesech: <\/span>nem\u016f\u017ee chytat<\/em> (str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky)<\/span>, nahl\u00e9dnout omyl, zbavit se pout, j\u00edt za hlasem, aby nenal\u00e9zala obdoby, tropila hlouposti.<\/em><\/p>\n

O tom, jak tedy ty uboh\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e posuzuje autor a jak my, se pak m\u016f\u017ee ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b v\u00e9st v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd hovor, aby \u017e\u00e1ci m\u011bli \u010das si uv\u011bdomit t\u0159eba to, \u017ee i oni m\u00edvaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b hodn\u011b nevyzr\u00e1l\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o sv\u00e9 budoucnosti. Aby se takov\u00fd hovor mezi \u017e\u00e1ky odv\u00edjel v\u011bcn\u011b, bez vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho neporozum\u011bn\u00ed, hod\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvat term\u00edn\u016f <\/span>adjektivum <\/em>a <\/span>sloveso. <\/em>U\u010ditel proto zasv\u011bt\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ky do toho, co on s\u00e1m u\u017e d\u00e1vno v hodin\u00e1ch d\u011bl\u00e1 \u2013 \u017ee ta slova naz\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi term\u00edny, ale te\u010f u\u017e to bude \u017e\u00e1dat i po \u017e\u00e1c\u00edch a vysv\u011btl\u00ed jim to v MINILEKCI:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eN\u011bkter\u00fdmi slovy, kter\u00e1 jste na\u0161li, jak v\u00edme, se vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed vlastnosti, t\u0159eba vlastnosti lid\u00ed \u2013 to jsou ADJEKTIVA \u010dili P\u0158\u00cdDAVN\u00c1 JM\u00c9NA- (N\u011bkdy je schv\u00e1ln\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1me naruby, ironicky \u2013 \u201emil\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159ky\u201c se tu po vzoru reklamy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 jsou sp\u00ed\u0161e hloup\u00e9, ale my jim chceme prodat hloupou kn\u00ed\u017eku.) Ale \u010dlov\u011bka m\u016f\u017eeme taky charakterizovat t\u00edm, co d\u011bl\u00e1, jak reaguje atp. Co d\u011bl\u00e1, to v textu vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed SLOVESA a vy jste si je vypsali a vid\u00edte, \u017ee jsou to \u010dinnosti m\u00e1lo rozumn\u00e9, tak\u017ee lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed je konaj\u00ed, asi nejsou zrovna moud\u0159\u00ed. (A m\u011bli jste si vypsat, co d\u011blaj\u00ed ti ho\u0161i a ty \u010dten\u00e1\u0159ky, ne co d\u011bl\u00e1 ten autor!)\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Anebo se u\u010ditelka ptala: Jak to tady je m\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee \u201e<\/span>Daleko nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je namlouvat spoust\u011b na\u0161ich mil\u00fdch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159ek, \u017ee man\u017eelstv\u00ed nen\u00ed nic definitivn\u00edho…<\/em>\u201c? Pro koho je to nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9?<\/span><\/p>\n

A \u017e\u00e1ci budou chv\u00edli lovit a netrefovat, proto\u017ee takov\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed adjektivem v p\u0159\u00edsudku (<\/span>je <\/em>nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed) neum\u00ed jasn\u011b pouk\u00e1zat na to, kdo riskuje nebo kdo ohro\u017euje \u2013 slovesa <\/span>riskuje\u0161<\/em>, <\/span>ohro\u017eujeme<\/em>, ta by um\u011bla vyj\u00e1d\u0159it \u201eosobu\u201c a autor by musel jasn\u011b d\u00e1t najevo, \u017ee nap\u0159. \u201emnohem v\u00edce ohro\u017euje n\u00e1rod autor, kter\u00fd namlouv\u00e1 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159k\u00e1m…\u201c, anebo \u017ee \u201emnohem v\u00edce ohro\u017euj\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e ti auto\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed namlouvaj\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159k\u00e1m…\u201c <\/span><\/p>\n

A kdybychom to \u010detli s gymnazisty n\u011bkde rok p\u0159ed maturitou, ur\u010dit\u011b by se dalo hovo\u0159it o tom, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e1 nepr\u016fzra\u010dnost t\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ee je zp\u016fsobena t\u00edm, \u017ee <\/span>nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 je <\/em>taky lovit str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky nebo se vd\u00e1t za bohat\u00e9ho, ale nemilovan\u00e9ho. Jenom\u017ee v\u00fdraz \u201e<\/span>n\u00e1sledky daleko katastrof\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/em>\u201c v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm odstavci n\u00e1s navedl na to, abychom p\u0159i pozorn\u00e9 \u010detb\u011b u\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee do nebezpe\u010d\u00ed se tu neuv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i sami t\u00edm, co d\u011blaj\u00ed, ale \u017ee je do ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eene autor svou nezodpov\u011bdnost\u00ed, s jakou jim namlouv\u00e1 nepravdy!<\/span><\/p>\n

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Jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy m\u016f\u017eeme mluvit a vyu\u010dovat o slovn\u00edch druz\u00edch:<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e \u017e\u00e1k ve sv\u00e9m psan\u00ed netref\u00ed formulaci dost srozumitelnou pro druh\u00e9:<\/p>\n

\u201eHr\u00e1\u010de Realu dr\u00e1\u017edilo neobjektivn\u00ed p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed italsk\u00e9ho rozhod\u010d\u00edho…\u201c – Ono je nedr\u00e1\u017edilo to p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed, toho je na fotbale v\u017edy dost i z tribun, ale je dr\u00e1\u017edila ta neobjektivnost<\/em>! Dobr\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed zvol\u00ed pro to podstatn\u00e9 substantivum \u010dili jm\u00e9no podstatn\u00e9: neobjektivnost <\/em>byla v podstat\u011b sporu a nebyla jenom n\u011bjakou vedlej\u0161\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed toho italsk\u00e9ho p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed…<\/p>\n

Kdyby v\u0161ak st\u00e1lo v report\u00e1\u017ei, \u017ee \u201eOhlu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed div\u00e1k\u016f \u010dasto hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm zabr\u00e1nilo v tom, aby zaslechli p\u0159\u00edsnou p\u00ed\u0161\u0165alku rozhod\u010d\u00edho…\u201c, pak je pou\u017eit\u00ed substantiva celkem na m\u00edst\u011b \u2013 \u0161lo o konflikt dvoj\u00edho p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em>, ne o kontrast ohlu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed <\/em>X p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 <\/em>p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

M\u011bli bychom se se \u017e\u00e1ky um\u011bli nad jejich psan\u00edm domlouvat, jak se vol\u00ed vhodn\u00e1 slova, a ne\u0159\u00edkat jim p\u0159itom rovnou p\u0159\u00edkazy typu \u201eSem rad\u0161i napi\u0161 neobjektivnost p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed…\u201c, ani typu \u201evym\u011b\u0148 adjektiva za substantiva\u201c.<\/p>\n

\n

Cel\u00e1 nejasn\u00e1 pas\u00e1\u017e v na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce by zaslou\u017eila projasnit a d\u00e1t lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, to je z\u0159ejm\u00e9. Ale bylo by to dlouh\u00e9! Ona ta \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na\u0161ich probl\u00e9m\u016f s v\u00fdukou gramatiky i dal\u0161\u00edch \u201et\u00e9mat\u201c jsou v\u017edycky hodn\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 \u2013 to nen\u00ed jenom \u201evym\u011bnit t\u00e9ma za t\u00e9ma\u201c, jako kdy\u017e v\u00e1m dnes v autod\u00edln\u011b nic neopravuj\u00ed, ale jen vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed cel\u00e9 d\u00edly motoru nebo dve\u0159\u00ed. V\u00fduka ani \u017e\u00e1k nejsou auto. Ani v \u0160VP proto nem\u00e1me tak postupovat. Trv\u00e1 ov\u0161em velmi dlouho, ne\u017e se nau\u010d\u00edme rozpustit \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm do v\u00fduky souvisl\u00e9ho psan\u00ed (slohu) tohle pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed slovn\u00edch druh\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed gramatiky a hlavn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 znalosti k n\u011b\u010demu u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu ne\u017e jen pro p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dky… A to v\u0161ecko se ned\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce na webu popsat, nato\u017e tomu n\u011bkoho honem nau\u010dit!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V diskusi zde na rvp.cz\u00a0 kolegyn\u011b Kova\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1 upozornila, \u017ee nen\u00ed dob\u0159e rozum\u011bt jedn\u00e9 formulaci v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce o \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 gramotnosti. (Je to v t\u00e9, kter\u00e1 vis\u00ed na webu\u00a0 \u010c\u0160I.) Je to slo\u017eit\u00e9 objas\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nen\u00ed t\u0159ebas jedna lekce nebo n\u011bjak\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed, a tak jsem k tomu napsal t\u0159i str\u00e1nky s p\u0159\u00edklady ot\u00e1zek k \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 \u010detb\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=127"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/ireneus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}