{"id":115,"date":"2009-11-22T18:23:03","date_gmt":"2009-11-22T17:23:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/?p=115"},"modified":"2009-11-23T07:27:23","modified_gmt":"2009-11-23T06:27:23","slug":"shrnovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/2009\/11\/22\/shrnovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Strategii shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed neu\u010d\u00edm r\u00e1da. Vedou m\u011b k tomu dva d\u016fvody. Za prv\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako d\u0159\u00edve \u010dlov\u011bk po\u017eaduje p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed d\u011bje, za druh\u00e9 sama p\u0159i shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edt\u00edm nejistotu. I n\u00e1m dosp\u011bl\u00fdm se zd\u00e1, \u017ee shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem \u010dten\u00ed a po \u010dten\u00ed zdr\u017euje. (Tak schv\u00e1ln\u011b. Kdo si posledn\u00ed knihu, kterou \u010detl, p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bl vlastn\u00edmi slovy?) Ale mo\u017en\u00e1 tkv\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost strategie pouze v odli\u0161n\u00e9m \u00fahlu pohledu, kter\u00fd se pokus\u00edm nast\u00ednit v teorii a v dal\u0161\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku – v n\u00e1m\u011btech.\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

Shrnout text znamen\u00e1 sd\u011blit d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace vlastn\u00edmi slovy. Anglick\u00e1 literatura rozli\u0161uje mezi term\u00edny parafr\u00e1zov\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159eformulov\u00e1n\u00ed hlavn\u00ed ideje v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ei), shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed (identifikace a kondenzace hlavn\u00edch t\u00e9mat a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch informac\u00ed v dlouh\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ei) a p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed (kompletn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed infomac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed kolem kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch element\u016f). Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee jsem p\u0159esn\u011b rozd\u00edl nepochopila. Ale od t\u011bchto pojm\u016f, ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 tot\u00e9\u017e,\u00a0 mus\u00edme odli\u0161ovat synt\u00e9zu jako spojen\u00ed informac\u00ed ze v\u0161ech strategi\u00ed do jedin\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi.<\/p>\n

Strategi\u00ed shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m proto, aby \u017e\u00e1ci byli od po\u010d\u00e1tku schopni ucelen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdi. Zd\u00e1 se mi jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek nebo propojov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fduka shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 explicitn\u00edmi informacemi, kde\u017eto metakognitivn\u00edmu pohledu na text se \u017e\u00e1ci teprve mus\u00ed u\u010dit. Shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00e1le budou \u017e\u00e1ci pot\u0159ebovat p\u0159i zd\u016fvod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f v dal\u0161\u00edch strategi\u00edch, nap\u0159. p\u0159i p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed srozumiteln\u011b shrnout, co se skute\u010dn\u011b podle jeho p\u0159edpov\u011bdi ud\u00e1lo, nebo neud\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n

Krit\u00e9ria hodnocen\u00ed (pro pr\u00f3zu)<\/h4>\n

Krit\u00e9ria zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1m podle vzoru r\u016fzn\u00fdch anglick\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, ale i podle skute\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce m\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, tzn. m\u011bn\u00ed se podle toho, kter\u00e9 kolonky u\u010d\u00edm, nebo podle chyb, kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ci (nebo j\u00e1) d\u011blaj\u00ed.\u00a0 Na port\u00e1lu RVP najdete tak\u00e9 krit\u00e9ria, ale ta mi nevyhovovala, i kdy\u017e jsem podle nich zkou\u0161ela \u017e\u00e1ky hodnotit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u011bj p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu<\/strong><\/td>\nNep\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u00ed text.<\/td>\nOdhal\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu, zbytek jen s\u00a0podporou u\u010ditele.<\/td>\nP\u0159\u00edb\u011bh p\u0159evypravuje pouze heslovit\u011b. Ud\u00e1losti nese\u0159ad\u00ed ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed nebo nevyb\u00edr\u00e1 ty nejpodstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/td>\nUcelen\u011b p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pomoc\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch pom\u016fcek.<\/td>\nCel\u00fdmi v\u011btami p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, uv\u00e1d\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 detaily t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se jednotliv\u00fdch pojm\u016f (postav, prost\u0159ed\u00ed…).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zp\u016fsob shrnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nNev\u00ed, jak p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bt text, nepodtrh\u00e1v\u00e1 ani nezaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 hledan\u00e9 \u00fadaje.<\/td>\nPodtrh\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fadaje, ale nach\u00e1z\u00ed jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 nebo nejsou v\u017edy relevantn\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh.<\/td>\nU\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pom\u016fcky pro p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, podtrh\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1\u00a0 \u00fadaje. V\u011bt\u0161inou vol\u00ed 1. verzi z\u00e1znamu.<\/td>\nU\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pom\u016fcky pro p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, podtrh\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fadaje. Uv\u011bdomuje si, \u017ee 1. verze nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/td>\nPodtrh\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fadaje v\u010detn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch podrobnost\u00ed.Nazna\u010duje do textu nebo do z\u00e1znam\u016f souvislosti.<\/p>\n

Shrnuje i v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dten\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Je schopen vyu\u017e\u00edt pom\u016fcky v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby i n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t. (= zvnit\u0159n\u011bn\u00e1 dovednost)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvky p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\nVyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jen n\u011bkter\u00fdch pojm\u016f, nej\u010dast\u011bji pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 postavy.<\/td>\nZe z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pojm\u016f u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 postavy, prost\u0159ed\u00ed d\u011bje a \u010das.<\/td>\nU\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy a prvky d\u011bje (postavy, prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u010das, konflikt, z\u00e1pletka, vyvrcholen\u00ed, rozuzlen\u00ed, z\u00e1v\u011br)<\/td>\nu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy a nach\u00e1z\u00ed mezi nimi souvislosti, hovo\u0159\u00ed i o \u017e\u00e1nru a kompozici.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Souvislost s\u00a0pochopen\u00edm textu<\/strong><\/td>\nNevysv\u011btl\u00ed, jak pom\u016f\u017ee shrnut\u00ed textu zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed a porozum\u011bn\u00ed textu.<\/td>\nPorozum\u011bn\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 jen prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 je schopen postihnout, \u010dasto vlastnost\u00ed osob.<\/td>\nV\u0161\u00edm\u00e1 si vlastnost\u00ed postav, vlivu prost\u0159ed\u00ed a \u010dasu na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh.<\/td>\nVysv\u011btl\u00ed vlastnosti a v\u00fdvoj postav, vliv prost\u0159ed\u00ed a \u010dasu na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh.Postihuje p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledky konfliktu.<\/td>\nHodnot\u00ed vlastnosti postav, jejich v\u00fdvoj, prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u010das p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu, p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, n\u00e1sledky konfliktu i samotn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed cenn\u00e9 rady najdete v Rady ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed refer\u00e1tu o knize<\/a><\/p>\n

(SOKOL\u00c1\u0158, Tom\u00e1\u0161. Metodick\u00fd port\u00e1l, Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed u\u010debn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly: \u201eRady ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed refer\u00e1tu o knize\u201c [online]. 14.\u00a007.\u00a02008. [cit.\u00a020.\u00a011.\u00a02009]. ISSN 1802-4785. Dostupn\u00fd z\u00a0WWW: <http:\/\/dum.rvp.cz\/materialy\/rady-ke-zpracovani-referatu-o-knize.html>.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Strategii shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed neu\u010d\u00edm r\u00e1da. Vedou m\u011b k tomu dva d\u016fvody. Za prv\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako d\u0159\u00edve \u010dlov\u011bk po\u017eaduje p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed d\u011bje, za druh\u00e9 sama p\u0159i shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edt\u00edm nejistotu. I n\u00e1m dosp\u011bl\u00fdm se zd\u00e1, \u017ee shrnov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem \u010dten\u00ed a po \u010dten\u00ed zdr\u017euje. (Tak schv\u00e1ln\u011b. Kdo si posledn\u00ed knihu, kterou \u010detl, p\u0159evypr\u00e1v\u011bl vlastn\u00edmi slovy?) Ale mo\u017en\u00e1 tkv\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost strategie […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":401,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teorie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/401"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":237,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115\/revisions\/237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogy.rvp.cz\/cteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}